【皮影的选择和泡制】
皮影的选择和泡制
传统的制作皮影的材料通常以牛皮为主,也有用驴皮,羊皮.自古至今,陕西皮影多以牛皮制作,选用青草期三,四岁黑色活牛,黑毛牛皮质细,厚度均匀,宰杀出血润而柔软.将牛皮选择好后,浸 入
清水缸内,待完全浸软后,周围通小孔,用绳拉紧,绷在架上,晒干后先从有毛处刮起,正反几次,使其薄厚适当,透明均匀就可使用了.
【皮影样稿的设计】
皮影造型不同于一般画形式,和民间剪纸比较接近.它主要特点具有强烈的概括性和装饰性,人物设计上具有强烈的时代感.
【皮影的镂刻雕凿】
1.首先用钢针或铁笔在泡制好的牛皮上复印稿样,然后按部件分别裁成小块,用干净湿毛巾盖起来,将其渗软,再用双刃刀推平,就可使用.
2.刻制时先难后易,从繁入手,细小花纹图案先用凿刀凿好,再用刻刀刻出其它纹样.刻刀的用途较多,其:定刀推皮"的方法较好,"所谓:定刀推皮,就是将锋利的角刀插入纹样刻线处,用另一手的食指,中指压住牛皮,依照纹样推转,这样刻出的各种线条圆滑自然,而且出活较快.
3.小件刻出后,再一次用双刃刀推平,就可以着色了.
The Wang's process in Making Leather-shadow Puppet
Selecting ang soaking cattle hide
Traditional material of Leather-shadow Puppet is mainly cattle hide, sometimes,skin of donkey or lamb. While in Shanxi cattle hide has been long used in making Leather-shadow Puppet.Dark-haired cattle of the age 3or 4is the best choice due to its delicate skin. Selected cattle hide needs soaking in clear water till it becomes soft.Stetch tight the soft cattle hide with strings on the rack. When it is dry,shave the hair on both sides till it is transparent.
Designing
The design of Leather-shadow Puppet is different from painting,but similar to paper-cut